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    <pre style="white-space:pre-line"><code>3.4.6  SOIL AS A NECESSARY PREREQUISITE FOR LIFE



               Length of activity  Classroom—introduction, preparation of aids—1 hour
                                 Terrain—4 hours
                                 Classroom—evaluation of field research, poster creation, presentation—3–4 hours

               Used methods,     Instruction, group work, soil sampling with a soil drill, work with thematic maps, soil moisture
               forms             measurement, roller method, poster creation, discussion
               Aims of activity,     After the activity, students:
               field goals       –  describe the soil as an integral part of the environment connected with other natural factors
                                   of the place (relief, geology, climate, moisture, biota);
                                 –  describe the productive function of soil as the main means of production of agriculture;
                                 –  describe the soil as a heterogeneous system (living + inanimate matter), which consists
                                   of horizons that reflect the characteristics of other natural components of the landscape;
                                 –  prove by examples that non -respect of the spatial distribution of the area of different soils can
                                   lead to insufficient use of their potential, or to its degradation;
                                 –  create an informative poster and through it present the findings of field research;
                                 –  select the most important geographical terms and translate them into English

               Field didactic    Students
               goals             –  propose various modifications of assigned activities for primary and lower secondary school
                                   students; they choose the most important terms, which students practice during the activity;
                                 –  propose land activities for short -term outdoor education near the school
               Aids              Worksheets, field diary, mobile phone with map applications, stationery, crayons, tourist maps
                                 Aids from the department: Terrain backpack—geological map 1 : 25 000, soil map 1 : 25 000,
                                 topographic map 1 : 10 000, orthophoto images (50s + current) overlaid by cadastral plan,
                                 lockable bowl for soil sampling 3×, large bowl, wash bottle with water, soil drill, GPS, battery,
                                 charger, magnifying glass, telescope, field shovel, measuring tape, reclosable plastic bag, large
                                 washable mat, rubber gloves, notepad, alcohol markers, clip folder
                                 Poster creation aids: flipchart, markers, wax crayons, adhesive tape, scissors, glue
               Outputs           During the field work and in the classroom, take photo documentation and annotated video
                                 recordings (all you need is a mobile phone)
                                 Poster or field research presentation  Commentary in English

               Prologue          Soil issues are presented briefly, factually, in some textbooks of geography, as a partial
                                 component of the physical -geographical system  This has far -reaching implications for the
                                 perception of the importance of soil functions  The current land management in the Czech
                                 Republic is a reflection of the loss of the population’s relationship to land, which is largely
                                 owned by agricultural holdings
                                 This teaching activity aims to integrate the view of the soil as one of the basic attributes of
                                 human existence

               Note              This soil assessment procedure can also be used for other case studies, e g  for the evaluation
                                 of suburbanization in the village Březina  It is thus possible to assess the suitability
                                 of the selected area for the construction of a new housing estate




              PART A—WORK PROCEDURE                            b)  sampling of the soil profile (using a soil probe,
              1   Joint classification of teaching materials and   photograph the profiles appropriately and
                 aids into individual groups (maps, pictures, soil   describe the horizons)
                 drills, drills, sledgehammer, backpacks with other  5.  Record the location and altitude (from GPS) of the
                 equipment)                                     location in the worksheet  Determine the expect-
              2   The instructor will instruct students on the han-  ed soil type according to the soil map
                 dling of the soil drill and the soil probe   6   Process the following tasks directly in the field:
              3   You can find the sampling location according to   a)  Based on your own observations and maps,
                 the received map or using GPS coordinates         describe the terrain and land use  Create
              4   Follow the instructions below to take soil samples:  a topographic sketch of the site with labels
                a)  taking soil samples from different depths (with   Get photo documentation from the site
                   a drill, see point 5c), take the samples with you   b)  Record the current weather conditions (tem-
                   to the classroom;                               perature, precipitation) and use the indicators



                                                                                                       93   |</code></pre>
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