Page 53 - Waste-to-Energy in the Danube Strategy Region. Challenges and Prospects

Figure 12. Distribution of heat produced from waste by source (Eurostat 2018c)

In the case of transportation, a common target of 10% by 2020 is set for all EU member

states. As can be seen in Figure 8 above, Austria is the sole country which has already met the

2020 target. Among the remaining states, two groups can be identified. The first, comprised of
Slovakia, Hungary, Bulgaria, Germany, Czech Republic and Romania, are all within 4% of the target.

Finally, Slovenia, Croatia, Serbia and Montenegro face the greatest challenge, all with an over 8%

gap.

In addition to the target, the EU Renewable Energy Directive sets sustainability criteria

pursuant to which biofuels and bioliquids may be regarded as RES transport fuel. Biofuels and
9
bioliquids from wastes and residues, however, have an apparent advantage as they only have to
10
fulfil the GHG emission savings criteria. Thus, biodegradable waste could prove a highly valuable
source of RES in transportation for those countries yet to meet the 2020 target. In this respect, AD
would appear to be a promising area for development in nearly all DSR countries. Not only can

AD help in achieving renewables targets in transportation, it can also help in achieving higher

recycling rates.

Overall, the case for WtE as an alternative fuel appears most promising in the

heating/cooling and transport sectors. To some extent, WtE can help to achieve renewables
targets but the greatest overall benefit is the potential combined reduction in GHG emissions by

replacing landfilling in the waste management sector and fossil fuels in the respective energy

sectors.

9 With the exception of residues from agriculture, fisheries and forestry.
10 As of 1 January 2018, 60% savings as compared to the reference fossil fuel.
Project co-funded by the European Union
45